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Tractatus of Glanvill
The ''Tractatus de legibus et consuetudinibus regni Angliae'' ((英語:Treatise on the laws and customs of the Kingdom of England)) is the earliest treatise on English law. Commonly attributed to Ranulf de Glanvill (died 1190) and dated ca. 1188, it was revolutionary in its systematic codification that defined legal process and introduced writs, innovations that have survived to the present day. It is considered a book of authority in English common law.
Written for Henry II (reigned 1154 – 1189) as the culmination of his long struggle to return the kingdom to peace and prosperity following years of anarchy, the ''Tractatus'' is fairly described as the means to implement Henry's objectives. It would be supplanted as a primary source of English law by the ''De Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae'' (''On the Laws and Customs of England'') of Henry de Bracton (ca. 1210 – 1268), which itself owes much of its heritage to the ''Tractatus''.
There has been debate over the actual author of all or parts of the ''Tractatus''. The legal opinions of Glanvill's nephew, Hubert Walter are certainly cited.〔Robert C. Stacey, ‘Walter, Hubert (d. 1205)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004〕 Whatever the case, Glanvill perhaps supervised and certainly approved the work, and the issue is sidestepped in the literature by using terminology such as "commonly attributed to Glanvill".
== Ancestry ==
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